Fig. 2: Observation of nuclear-spin Seebeck effect in Pt/MnCO3.
a B dependence of V/I2rms (voltage V normalized by the square of the applied charge current Irms) for the Pt/MnCO3 Device 1 at T = 20 K (red) and 1.82 K (blue). b T dependence of the maximum V/I2rms (defined as Vmax/I2rms) for the Pt/MnCO3 Device 1 at 1.8 K < T < 50 K. The inset shows the T dependence of Vmax/I2rms for the Pt/MnCO3 Device 2 at 100 mK < T < 10 K measured with a dilution refrigerator. The error bar represents the SD. c, d B dependence of V/I2rms for the Pt/MnCO3 Devices 1 (c) and 2 (d) at selected temperatures. The Pt/MnCO3 Device 1 exhibits electrical resistance one order of magnitude higher than that for Device 2, resulting in an overall higher intensity of V/I2rms in the Pt/MnCO3 Device 1 (see Supplementary Note 6 for details).
