Fig. 1: Engineering of worm strains with bisected X chromosomes.

a Illustration of the X chromosome in a wild-type worm and the segments resulting from Cas9-mediated cleavage during generation of YBT7 worms. The gRNA binding sites (black scissors) and cytological markers (green and red) used in analyses of X chromosome segmentation are indicated. b Pachytene nuclei stained with DAPI (blue), anti-HIM-8 (green), and FISH probe complementary to a site to the left of linc-20 (red). c Averages ± SEM of the distance between HIM-8 and the site left of linc-20. d Pachytene nuclei stained with DAPI (blue), anti-HIM-8 (green), and FISH probe complementary to the right end of the X chromosome (red). e Averages ± SEM of the distance between HIM-8 and the site on the right end of chromosome X. f Late pachytene nuclei stained with DAPI (blue) and the FISH probe complementary to the site left of linc-20 (red). The FISH signal associated with the internal segment is marked with an arrowhead. n = 80 nuclei. ****p < 0.0001, by the two-tailed Mann–Whitney test. Scale bars = 3 μM.