Fig. 4: Dependence of device performance on the coordination number of additives and relevant affinity to lead cations.
From: Manipulating crystallization dynamics through chelating molecules for bright perovskite emitters
a Chemical structures of the alternative additives, including acrylates (ethyl acrylate (mono-acrylate), pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (tetraacrylate), and dipentaerythritol penta-acrylate (penta-acrylate), Group A), carboxylic acids (octane acid (OAc) and 4-oxoheptanedioic acid (OHDAc), Group B), and aromatic amines (benzylamine (BZA) and o-xylylenediamine (o-xda), Group C). b Ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) absorption spectra for the precursor films (PbI2:FAI:additive = 1:2:x) with acrylates (x = 0.80, 0.20, 0.16 for mono-, tetra-, and penta-acrylates, respectively, top), carboxylic acids (x = 0.30, 0.10 for OAc and OHDAc, respectively, middle) and aromatic amines (x = 0.2 and 0.1 for BZA and o-xda, respectively, bottom). c A summary of average EQE values for the optimized devices based on various additives.
