Fig. 3: Preparation and characterisation of the LIA.
From: An amphiphilic dendrimer as a light-activable immunological adjuvant for in situ cancer vaccination
a Schematic illustration of the construction of the LIA and its structure is composed of a hypoxia-responsive amphiphilic dendrimer (HAD) nanoparticle loaded with chlorin e6 (Ce6). b TEM image of LIA. Scale bar: 100 nm. Experiments were performed three times (n = 3) independently, one representative image is shown. c DLS size distribution of LIA. Experiments were performed three times (n = 3) independently, one representative result is shown. d UV-Vis absorbance spectra of free Ce6, HAD and LIA. Experiments were performed three times (n = 3) independently, representative results are shown. e Generation of singlet oxygen by free Ce6 with laser irradiation (free Ce6+L), LIA without irradiation (LIA) and LIA with irradiation (LIA+L). Generation of singlet oxygen was detected using the singlet oxygen probe SOSG. f Induction of hypoxia by free Ce6 and LIA in PBS containing an oxygen-sensitive phosphorescent molecular probe. Increased phosphorescence (PS) lifetime corresponds to decreased oxygen levels. g O2 concentration of free Ce6 and LIA in PBS using a dissolved oxygen meter. Data in e–g are presented as mean ± s.d. (n = 3) from three independent experiments. h TEM images of LIA at different time points. 0 min: before irradiation; 5 min: after irradiation for 5 min; 10 min: after irradiation for 10 min; and 24 h: 24 h after irradiation for 10 min (665 nm, 0.15 W/cm2). Scale bar: 100 nm. Experiments in h were performed three times independently, representative image for each group is shown.
