Fig. 1: Schematic diagram of the production of TAL and (pro-)vitamin A from hemicellulose fractions by engineered S. cerevisiae. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Schematic diagram of the production of TAL and (pro-)vitamin A from hemicellulose fractions by engineered S. cerevisiae.

From: Complete and efficient conversion of plant cell wall hemicellulose into high-value bioproducts by engineered yeast

Fig. 1

Xylose is assimilated through the oxidoreductive pathway consisting of XR (xylose reductase), XDH (xylitol dehydrogenase), and XK (xylulose kinase). Acetate enters yeast cells through either Jen1p or Ady2p transporter and is converted into acetyl-CoA by ACS (acetyl-CoA synthase). TAL is synthesized through the condensation of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA by 2PS (2-pyrone synthase). Heterologous expression of CrtE (GGPP synthase), CrtYB (bifunctional phytoene synthase, lycopene cyclase), and CrtI (phytoene desaturase) in S. cerevisiae allows the production of β-carotene which is then cleaved into vitamin A by BCMO (β-carotene monooxygenase). Color code for arrows: gray, glucose metabolism; green, xylose metabolism; orange, acetate metabolism; black, other endogenous pathways; black in bold, reaction with strong flux; blue, heterologous TAL or vitamin A biosynthetic pathway.

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