Fig. 2: PGC-associated signatures in D-OSKM-induced tumors.

a qRT-PCR analyses of PGC-related gene expression in S-/D-OSKM kidney tumors. Data are presented as meansā±āSD of biological triplicates. Relative expression levels to ESCs are shown (one-way ANOVA and Dunnettās multiple-comparison test, two-sided). b Heatmap showing relative expression of germ line-related genes73, 74 in S-/D-OSKM kidney tumors. PGC-like cells (PGCLCs) were derived from ESCs as described previously39, 74. Color range is shown using a log2 scale. c Representative histological images and immunostaining for OCT4 and DAZL of D-OSKM kidney tumors. Scale bars: 200 μm. d Immunofluorescence staining for OCT4 and DAZL in D-OSKM kidney tumors. Scale bars: 50āμm. e DNA methylation analysis of individual CpG sites at the H19 ICR and Nespas-Gnasxl ICR in D-OSKM pancreatic tumors. f DNA methylation percentage at various genetic elements in D-OSKM pancreatic tumors, measured by whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). CGI, CpG island; non-CGI, non-CpG island. g Heatmap showing global ICR methylation in D-OSKM pancreatic tumors, as determined by MethylC-seq analysis. n indicates the number of examined CpG sites.