Fig. 3: Autoantibodies are triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
From: New-onset IgG autoantibodies in hospitalized patients with COVID-19
a Autoantibody (AutoAb, blue) and anti-cytokine antibody (ACA, yellow) counts are shown at Day 0 (n = 24 patients, left) and Day 7 (n = 21 patients, right). Counts were based on antibodies that were present at levels at or exceeding 5 SD above the average MFI for healthy control samples. b Examples of transient or fluctuating autoantibodies against MDA5, the tRNA synthetase PL-7, and the vasculitis antigen BPI are shown. c Examples of antigens (Scl-70, TPO, and C1q) that are likely to have been present at the time of infection and are unaffected by SARS-CoV-2 infection, are shown. d Examples of ACA that are inducible (e.g., IFN-ε), fluctuate (e.g., IFN-ω), or are present at baseline with little change over time (e.g., IFN-γ), are shown. Additional examples (IL-17, IL-22, and ACE-2) are also included. MFI is shown on the y-axis. Serum was collected at three time points (T1, T2, and T3) for two COVID-19 subjects, while serum was collected at two time points (T1 and T2) for all other COVID-19 subjects. COVID-19 subjects with notably high MFI at any time point are labeled. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
