Fig. 3: NAS1 promotes EMT but inhibits tumorigenicity of breast cancer cells.

a Representative IF images of EMT markers in CA1h-P2 with NAS1 knockdown (left) or MCF10AT with NAS1 overexpression (right). Scale bar, 100 μm. Random microscopic fields (n > 3) showed similar results. b, c Flow cytometric analyses of CD24/CD44 expression in CA1h-P2 with NAS1 knockdown (b), or MCF10AT with NAS1 or NR2F1 overexpression (c). Red vertical lines indicate the same abscissa value in different panels. Numbers denote the CD24−CD44+ percentages. d, e Flow cytometric analyses of ALDH+ BCSCs in CA1h-P2 with NAS1 knockdown (d) or in MCF10AT with NAS1 or NR2F1 overexpression (e). Numbers show the ALDH+ percentages. DEAB, the ALDH inhibitor. f Tumorsphere formation of CA1h-P2 with NAS1 knockdown (n = 3 culturing experiments). g Tumor incidence in NOD/SCID mice orthotopically injected with various numbers of CA1h-P2 cells after NAS1 knockdown. h Tumor sizes of the mouse groups injected with 20,000 cells in (g) at week 7 (n = 8, 10, and 10 tumors, respectively). i Tumorsphere formation of MCF10AT with NAS1 overexpression (n = 3 culturing experiments). j Tumor incidence in NOD/SCID mice orthotopically injected with various numbers of NAS1-overexpressing MCF10CA1a cells. k Tumor recurrence rate 2 weeks after surgically removing tumors at the size of about 1 cm3 in the mice injected with 20,000 cells in (j). Data represent mean ± SD (f, h, i). Statistical significance was determined by a two-tailed unpaired t test (f, h, i), two-sided chi-square test (k, g, j).