Fig. 4: High-pass-filtered neural activity is correlated to paw velocities.

A Schematic illustration of how a high-frequency neuronal activity can be superimposed on a low-frequency neuronal activity and yet be separable. B Reconstruction of the subthreshold activity of the sorted units to enable the study of how fast neuronal activities change. C Reconstruction of neuronal activities from 14 randomly selected units during the joystick task (top). An increase in the average rectified high-pass-filtered neuronal activity (black trace, middle row) typically precedes higher paw velocity (red trace). D The Pearson correlation coefficient for different lags between the rectified band-pass (11 Hz)-filtered neuronal activity and the paw velocity during the locomotor task (upper-left, two-sided t-test, p = 0.7, n = 6), and the joystick task (upper right, two-sided t-test, p = 0.0115, n = 5), and for recitified band-pass (0.11 Hz)-filtered neuronal activity and the behavior during the locomotor task (lower left, two-sided t-test, p = 0.0013, n = 6), and the joystick task (lower right, two-sided t-test, p = 0.0051, n = 5). The comparison between cross-correlation values at time point zero and the time point of maximal cross-correlation reveals significant changes with different temporal lags. E The peak correlation between the paw velocity and the rectified band-pass-filtered neuronal activity for seven frequencies for the joystick task (red), and the locomotor task (blue). Two-sided paired t-test against the peak at 1.1 Hz for the locomotor task: n = 6. p = 0.016 (0.11 Hz), 0.0029 (0.23 Hz), and 0.019 (0.45 Hz), and against the peak at 2.3 Hz for the joystick task: n = 5. p = 0.036 (0.11 Hz), 0.012 (0.23 Hz), 0.0085 (0.45 Hz), and 0.021 (1.1 Hz). No correction for multiple comparisons. Lines connecting the data points (denoting individual animals) across the frequencies denote the mean for the locomotor task (blue), and for the joystick task (red). Error bars denote the standard deviation of the mean. F Temporal lags of the peak Pearson correlation coefficient (across temporal lags) for rectified band-pass-filtered neuronal activity. Two-sided paired t-test against the 0 s lag for the locomotor task: n = 6. p = 0.0013 (0.11 Hz), and 0.045 (0.23 Hz), and for the joystick task: n = 5. p = 0.0051 (0.11 Hz), 0.025 (0.23 Hz), 0.0056 (1.1 Hz), 0.005 (2.3 Hz), 0.0072 (4.5 Hz), and 0.012 (11 Hz). No correction for multiple comparisons. Lines connecting the data points (denoting individual animals) across the frequencies denote the mean for the locomotor task (blue), and for the joystick task (red). Error bars denote the standard deviation of the mean. Significances are indicated according to *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.