Fig. 2: Human liver S9 enzymes generate Phase I and II xenobiotic metabolites in a time-dependent manner.
From: Large scale enzyme based xenobiotic identification for exposomics
Using standard conditions for S9 reactions, expected Phase I (a, b) and II (c, d) metabolites are formed in a time-dependent manner. Each plot depicts the extracted ion chromatograms of predicted metabolites of beta-naphthoflavone at 0, 2, 6, and 24 h. Metabolites were identified if they produced a time-dependent increase in MS1 signal corresponding to the accurate mass of a predicted or expected metabolite. e Formation of expected metabolites in a time-dependent manner for well-characterized xenobiotics using S9 enzymes.
