Fig. 1: The structure of the 1M1R1C temporal kernel system and the I–V characteristics of the memristor used in the temporal kernel.
From: Time-varying data processing with nonvolatile memristor-based temporal kernel

a The structure of the 1M1R1C temporal kernel system proposed in this study. The temporal kernel system can recognize images in the MNIST database through feature projection and classification. b The I–V curve of the W/HfO2/TiN memristor. The sweep order is marked in the figure. SET and RESET occurred in the positive bias and the negative bias, respectively, and gradual switching occurred in both switching conditions. Since the filament formation process is not required in this electronic switching device, no electroforming process is seen in the first sweep.