Fig. 2: The topology identification of the spin textures in the domain wall of the thin film.
From: Field-free topological behavior in the magnetic domain wall of ferrimagnetic GdFeCo
a Schematic meron pair and the lateral magnetic component distributions were deduced from the selected domain wall region at 243 K by using the transport-of-intensity equation (TIE) analysis. The color wheel for the direction of in-plane magnetization is displayed in the inset. b The magnified images from the selected domain wall demonstrating the evolution from meron pairs with alternated dark and white contrast into skyrmions with single dark contrast in the domain wall at 300 K. c The in-plane magnetic component distributions and schematic view of skyrmions deduced from the selected domain wall at 300 K. d and i The corresponding L-TEM contrast simulation. e–h The simulated domain wall evolution from the meron pair to skyrmion. The value of skyrmion number (Ns) is integrated across half distance of y-direction (the dotted rectangle in e) and the value ranging from − 0.5 to − 0.98 confirms the topological transformation from meron to skyrmion. The out-of-plane magnetization is represented by regions in red (+mz) and blue (−mz), whereas the in-plane magnetization is represented by white regions with black arrows. j–l The corresponding schematic stereographic projection of spin textures. The axis in the left corner stands for the corresponding direction used in our main text.
