Fig. 1: Chemical driven electricity in EIP.

a Schematic figure for electricity generation in energetic molecular ferroelectrics (FE). b HRTEM images for EIP. Inset shows the FFT pattern reflecting the high crystallinity of EIP. c Line profile for selected area in Fig. 1b. d Crystal structure of ferroelectric EIP. e Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry measurement for EIP. Supplementary Figure 5a highlights the transition at 373 K. f The laser-induced shock and detonation velocity of EIP. Error bars show standard deviations. DNAN (2,4-dinitroanisole); m-DNB (m-dinitrobenzene); TNT (trinitrotoluene); HNS (hexanitrostilbene); TATB (triaminotrinitrobenzene); comp-B (Composition B); NTO (5-nitro-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-One); PETN (pentaerythritol tetranitrate); RDX (cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine); HMX (cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine); CL-20 (hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane). g The DC voltage generated by reaction of EIP is observed immediately after ignition in both positive and negative polarization. EIP devices are ignited thermally. The gap distance between the electrodes is 1.2 mm and the cross-sectional area is 16 mm².