Fig. 1: Temperature dependence of cuprate broken-symmetry states.
From: Scattering interference signature of a pair density wave state in the cuprate pseudogap phase
a Schematic phase diagram of hole-doped cuprates. The Mott insulator phase with long range antiferromagnetic order (AF) is replaced by the pseudogap phase (PG) with increasing hole doping p below the onset temperature T*. The PG phase is characterized by the suppression of magnetic susceptibility, electronic specific heat, the c-axis conductivity and the average density of electronic states, and the appearance of a truncated Fermi surface. The d-symmetry Cooper-paired high-temperature superconductivity state (DSC) is indicated schematically in a blue “dome”. The range of temperature T, in which the PG state is studied in this paper is indicated by the white arrow. b Topograph T(r) at the BiO termination layer at T = 1.25Tc in the PG phase of Bi2Sr2CaDyCu2O8 for p ≈ 0.08. c Differential conductance map \(g\left({{{{{\boldsymbol{r}}}}}},+150{{{{{\rm{mV}}}}}}\right)\) was obtained at the same field of view as (b) at T = 1.25Tc = 45 K. The g(r, E) manifests \(\lambda =4{a}_{0}\) charge modulations. d Evolution of the spatially averaged tunneling conductance spectra of Bi2Sr2CaDyCu2O8 with increasing T, here characterized by Tc. The gap \({\triangle }_{1}(T)\) is the energy of the coherence peak that is identified by a local maximum in g(V) for V>0 (indicated by a black vertical arrow). The energies \({\triangle }_{0}(T)\) (gray dashed line) are identified as the extinction energy of Bogoliubov quasiparticles (see movie S1). The two characteristic energies \({\triangle }_{0}\left(T\right)\) and \({\triangle }_{1}(T)\) appear more subtle at higher temperatures due to thermal broadening. Note the tunneling spectra at 4.2 K (≈ 0.1Tc) is multiplied by 1.4.
