Fig. 2: Regional economic impacts of heatwaves: spatial pattern.
From: Current and projected regional economic impacts of heatwaves in Europe

a Regional-level cost of heatwaves (as a share of regional GDP) in the four years analysed. b Regional impacts of heatwaves at different latitudes. Vertical lines show the average, cross-regional, annual GDP impacts of heatwaves (solid red line) and the corresponding effect over the historical period 1981–2010 (solid grey line), as obtained from simulating all the years over the historical period (see Methods). Grey-shaded areas describe the distribution percentiles of damages (1st, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 99th percentiles) over 1981–2010. Red-shaded areas denote positive anomalies in economic damages compared to the historical median effect.