Fig. 3: MSE budget analysis for the autumn WNPAC.
From: Deglacial variability of South China hydroclimate heavily contributed by autumn rainfall
a Column-integrated vertical MSE-advection anomaly (shading) associated with vertical motion change and vertical p-velocity anomaly (contour, Pa/s); b net energy source change from top of the atmosphere and surface; c column-integrated horizontal MSE-advection anomaly associated with meridional MSE-gradient change; d region-averaged anomalous MSE budget terms. In a–c, the dots correspond to anomalous descending flow. In d, the region is defined as [10–25°N, 110–140°E] as the box in a–c. The \(-\left\{\bar{v}\cdot {{{{{{\rm{\delta }}}}}}}(\nabla_{y}\bar{h})\right\}\) (legend, dark blue) dominates the horizontal MSE-advection anomaly \(-\left\{\bar{{{{{{\boldsymbol{u}}}}}}}\cdot {{{{{{\rm{\delta }}}}}}}(\nabla _{p}\bar{h})\right\}\), and \(-\left\{\bar{\omega }\cdot {{{{{\rm{\delta }}}}}}\left(\frac{\partial \bar{h}}{\partial p}\right)\right\}\) is almost zero. See context and Methods for details.
