Fig. 7: Repeated increases in urban–forest genetic divergence associated with maladaptive plasticity. | Nature Communications

Fig. 7: Repeated increases in urban–forest genetic divergence associated with maladaptive plasticity.

From: Selection on adaptive and maladaptive gene expression plasticity during thermal adaptation to urban heat islands

Fig. 7

Comparisons of genetic divergence (FST) among heat tolerance-associated genes in four municipalities, representing independent urban colonization events across Puerto Rico58. Bar graphs display the proportion single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the adaptive (black) and maladaptive (white) gene sets that occur beyond the p = 0.05 empirical distribution of genetic divergence (FST), based on the transcriptome-wide background (gray). Asterisks indicate a significant enrichment of outliers within a gene class (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, two-sample equality of proportions test with continuity correction). No outlier gene SNPs were found in the adaptive plasticity gene set within Aguadilla. Dot plots display mean ± 1 SE of genetic divergence (FST) for SNPs within the adaptive (black) and maladaptive (white) plasticity gene classes. Asterisks indicate significant differences in mean divergence (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, Welch two-sample t-test). All 130 animals for which we had sequence data were used in this analysis.

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