Fig. 2: Confocal images of placental tissue sections indicating the presence of carbon particles inside fetal microvessels.

Fetal capillaries were visualized using anti-CD31 antibodies directed against endothelial cells (magenta), and Syto 61 Red fluorescent nucleic acid stain (cyan) was used as a counterstain. The carbon particles (white and further indicated using white arrowheads) were imaged under femtosecond pulsed laser illumination (excitation 810 nm). Stainings were performed in triplicate and presented images are representative for samples collected from two placentas.