Fig. 3: Atomic scale EELS mapping of polar vortices.
From: Atomic scale crystal field mapping of polar vortices in oxide superlattices
a Atomic resolution Ti L edge STEM-EELS map acquired from the same region as Fig. 2a. The locations of two vortices are indicated by dashed white circles. b Intensity of the \({e}_{g}^{{\prime} {\prime} }\) peak of the \({L}_{3}\) edge obtained by Gaussian fitting after binning by position. Increased intensity of the \({e}_{g}^{{\prime} {\prime} }\) is observed in the PTO vortex core, marked with white arrows. c EEL spectra extracted from along the I-II path indicated in b. At the vortex core, the contribution of \({e}_{g}^{{\prime} {\prime} }\) is the largest followed by the intermediate location and the vortex edge. A color bar guide indicating the relative amount of \({e}_{g}^{{\prime} {\prime} }\) contribution for c is displayed on the side.
