Fig. 4: Inferred proportion of tumour DNA and functional assessment of the WID-OC-index.

The estimated proportion of tumour DNA in each cervical smear sample as estimated using the EpiDISH algorithm for controls and a ovarian cancers and b endometrial cancers. c Distribution of the WID-OC-index with respect to tumour DNA fraction in controls and endometrial cancers. d ROC curve for samples with tumour DNA < 1% in the endometrial cancer set. e Results from real-time PCR to detect ZNF154, a pan-cancer marker primarily discovered in ovarian cancer. p-values were computed using a two-tailed Mann–Whitney test. For indicated significant differences, all exact p values < 0.001. The centre line of each box corresponds to the median. The lower and upper hinges correspond to the first and third quartiles. The upper whisker extends from the hinge to the largest value no further than 1.5 * IQR from the hinge (where IQR is the inter-quartile range). The lower whisker extends to the smallest value at most 1.5 * IQR of the hinge. Data beyond the end of the whiskers are plotted individually. f The WID-OC-index evaluated in eight different cell lines. g, h shows a subset of ENCODE tissue samples. The germline mutation proportion refers to the proportion of cancers in each tissue type that have a BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation. p-values were computed using a two-tailed correlation test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.