Fig. 7: Flg22-induced actin dynamics in WT and mutant guard cells.

a Time-lapse images of single actin filaments in WT guard cells treated with mock or 10 µM flg22 for 10 min. In mock-treated cells, single actin filaments (red, yellow and blue dots) touch each other and are then bundle by a zippering mechanism (alternating dots). Representative actin filaments (red and yellow dots) from a flg22-treated cell were disassembled by numerous severing events (red arrows). See also Supplementary Movies 7 and 8 online. Scale bars = 5 µm. Actin filaments in WT cells treated with flg22 showed a significant reduction in bundling frequency (b) and increased severing frequency (c). However, flg22 treatments did not impact any of these parameters in vln3-1 and mpk3/6 mutant cells. Data are represented as means ± SD. Analyses were performed on more than 20 regions of interest from 20 time-lapse series taken from 10 leaves for each treatment and genotype. The exact sample sizes are indicated. Different letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05, as determined by two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. The exact p values are provided in the Source Data file.