Fig. 6: Comparing VIFS and PINES responses.
From: A distributed fMRI-based signature for the subjective experience of fear
a depicts that VIFS more accurately (shown as forced-choice classification accuracy and Cohen’s d) predicts high versus low subjective fear while PINES is more sensitive to distinguish high versus low general negative emotion. b shows the multilevel mediation analysis results showing that VIFS response mediates the PINES response—fear rating association in both discovery and validation cohorts. c shows that the PINES response does not mediate the VIFS response—fear rating association in the discovery cohort. Although the mediation effect is significant in the validation cohort, the effect size (Cohen’s d = 0.06) is very small. ** indicates P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, NSP > 0.5 (bootstrap tests; two-sided; uncorrected). VIFS visually induced fear signature, PINES picture-induced negative emotion signature. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
