Fig. 7: Preferences of females of the egg parasioid Trichogramma japonicum.
From: Cooperative herbivory between two important pests of rice
a Choice of T. japonicum wasps when offered the odor of differently treated plants in a Y-tube olfactometer. Bars represent the percentages of wasps choosing either of the odor sources. Asterisks indicate significant differences from a 50:50 distribution (binomial test: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; n = 58–80) Exact P-values and number of replicates were as following: P = 5.84e-04, n = 59 (plants with eggs vs uninfested plants); P = 2.32e-03, n = 80 (plants with SSB and eggs vs plants with eggs); P = 6.74e-05, n = 67 (plants with eggs vs plants with BPH and eggs); P = 1.07e-03, n = 60 (plants with eggs vs plants with SSB, BPH, and eggs); P = 1.42e-04, n = 73 (plants with SSB and eggs vs plants with BPH and eggs); P = 0.012, n = 58 (plants with SSB and eggs vs plants with SSB, BPH, and eggs); P = 8.64e-03, n = 59 (plants with SSB, BPH, and eggs vs plants with BPH and eggs). b Parasitism rates of SSB eggs by T. japonicum in the greenhouse experiments. Exact P-values = 4.47e-04 (Control vs SSB), 2.13e-08 (Control vs BPH), 2.79e-11 (Control vs SSB/BPH), <1e-04 (SSB vs BPH), <1e-04 (SSB vs SSB/BPH), and 0.14 (BPH vs SSB/BPH). Each bar represents the mean ± SE. Significance was determined by two-sided likelihood ratio test with generalized lineal model (binomial distribution error). Different letters above bars indicate significant differences between treatments (P < 0.05; n = 12).
