Fig. 3: Two applications of programmed lysis system.
From: Reprogramming microbial populations using a programmed lysis system to improve chemical production
a Schematic diagram of constructing programmed lysis system. b Schematic diagram of engineering strains and populations. c Mortality ratios comparison of different strains with PLS (30, 34, and 38 h). Mortality ratios of programmed lysis system (PLS) in different E. coli were measured by PI staining. The fluorescence intensity of living cells was less than 103, and that of dead cells was more than 103. For each sample, at least 20,000 counts were recorded using a 0.5 mL/s flow rate. All data were exported in FCS3 format and processed using Flow Jo software (FlowJo-V10). d Protein content comparison of different strains with/without PLS system. (P values = 0.000608; 0.001569; 0.001427; 0.001045; 0.001948; 0.001042; 0.001351.) Statistical significance was indicated as * P < 0.05, ** for P < 0.01 and *** for P < 0.001, respectively. e The regulation of seeding ratios and programmed lysis system on population. The green fluorescence intensity represented the accumulation of GFP in strain SG and SG5361. The red fluorescence intensity represented the accumulation of mKate2 in SM. f Fluorescence curve of POPS1 and POPS2. It was measured every 2 h and the seeding ratio was 10:1. After 24 h, 0.1 mL of 100 mg/mL yeast extract was added into medium every 4 h. Samples were taken at 22 and 52 h, respectively. Images with green and red fluorescence were also taken by a fluorescence microscope and their colony-forming units (CFUs) were counted to calculate their ratios in the population (the green percentage represented the percentage of green E. coli). Values are shown as mean ± s.d. from three (n = 3) biological replicates. Two-tailed t tests were used to determine statistical significance. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
