Fig. 5: Responders have a higher frequency of CD19 CAR T cells and memory-like CD8+ CD19 CAR T cells.

Patients with CRS have higher IL-6 levels and transitional memory-like CD4+ CD19 CAR T cells. A Left: Line graph showing the percentage of CAR T cells in participants until day 21. Each line represents a single patient. Right: Statistically significant difference of percentage of CAR T (area under the curve—AUC) between responders (n = 12) and non-responders (n = 5) (p < 0.05). Each dot represents the AUC of a single individual and lines represent the interquartile range. Blue lines and dots represent responders and red dots and lines represent non-responders. B Right: UMAP showing the distribution of cluster 4 in CD8+ CAR+ T cells. Left: Scatter plot showing significant positive correlation (Rho = 0.7187, p < 0.05) of frequency of cluster 4 (memory-like phenotype) in CD8+ CAR+ T cells and % CAR T cells in participants. Blue dots represent responders and red dots represent non-responders. C IL-6 levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in patients that present CRS vs. patients that did not present CRS. Each dot represents the Il_6 levels of a single individual and lines represent the interquartile range. Red dots represent patients with CRS, blue dots represent patients without CRS. D Left: UMAP showing the distribution of cluster 9 in CD4+ CAR+ T cells. Right: Frequency of transitional memory-like CD4+ CAR+ T cells (cluster 9) was higher (p < 0.05) in patients with grade 1 or no CRS compared to patients with CRS grade 2 or higher. Red dots represent patients with CRS, blue dots represent patients without CRS. Each dot represents the frequency of Cluster 9 CAR-T cells in a single individual and lines represent the interquartile range. Statistical significance was assessed by performing Mann–Whitney U test. Source data are provided as a Source Data File for panels A–D.