Fig. 6: Modulating the Hippo pathway restores elongation of Cilk1^−/− intestine.

A Representative E13.5 intestines of indicated genotypes before (Day 0) and after culture in Matrigel with DMSO or XMU-MP-1 for indicated days. Scale bar, 1 mm. B Fold change of intestinal length after culture in Matrigel with DMSO (WT, n = 6; Cilk1^+/−, n = 5; Cilk1^−/−, n = 4) or XMU-MP-1 (WT, n = 3; Cilk1^+/−, n = 4; Cilk1^−/−, n = 6) for indicated days. The values are presented as means ± SD. ns p > 0.05, **p < 0.01 by two-way ANOVA Sidak’s multiple comparisons test (adjusted P values are 0.0046 for day 1 and 0.0025 for day 2 between Cilk1^+/− DMSO and Cilk1^-/- DMSO). C Immunofluorescence staining of E13.5 wild-type intestine cultured for one day in 50% or 90% Matrigel for YAP (red), smooth muscle (αSMA, green) and nuclei (Hoechst, blue). Scale bars, 25 μm. D Nuclear YAP intensities of peri-epithelial mesenchymal cells in C. n = 3 for each group. For each intestine, the nuclear YAP intensity per cell was averaged from three sections. Values are presented as means ± SEM. **p = 0.035 by two-sided paired t test. E Fold change of intestinal length after culture in 50% (Cilk1^+/−, n = 6; Cilk1^-/-, n = 4 or 90% (Cilk1^+/−, n = 13; Cilk1^-/-, n = 7) Matrigel for two days. The values are presented as means ± SD. *p < 0.05, ****p < 0.0001 by one-way ANOVA Turkey’s multiple comparisons test. Adjusted P value are: 0.0194 for Cilk1^-/- 50% vs Cilk1^-/- 90% and 0.0145 for Cilk1^+/− 90% vs Cilk1^-/- 90%. Source data are provided in the Source Data file.