Fig. 3: Causal protein-disease associations identified using two-sample Mendelian randomisation.
From: Mapping the serum proteome to neurological diseases using whole genome sequencing

We investigated the causal effect of serum proteins (exposure) on various neurological traits (outcome), indicated in the first two columns in the plot. PubMed IDs (PMIDs) are given where manually downloaded summary statistics were used; other IDs are those as given in MRBase (https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/). The number of variants used in the analysis are given in the ‘nSNP’ column. The ‘pBH’ column contains the FDR-adjusted (Benjamini–Hochberg) P-value for each test. Protein–trait pairs with only one variant were analysed using the Wald ratio method, while those with more than one variant were analysed using the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method. Data are represented as mean odds ratio ± SEM. *Additional signal arising from analysis using only cis-pQTLs as instrumental variables.