Fig. 5: Coronal suture dysgenesis in Hhip^−/− mice at E16.5.

a Staining for alkaline phosphatase activity (ALPL, red) in preosteoblasts and osteoblasts for wild type (WT) and mutant (Hhip^−/−) coronal sutures. f frontal bone; p parietal bone, sm suture mesenchyme. b Immunohistochemistry for RUNX2 (green). Sections are the same as shown in a. c Immunohistochemistry for SP7 (green). d Proliferation detected by EdU incorporation (green). Sections are counterstained for ALPL activity (red) and DAPI (blue). e Quantification of EdU incorporation in osteogenic fronts (OF) and suture mesenchyme (SM). WT and Hhip^−/− are indicated in black and red, respectively. n = 3 WT and three Hhip^−/−. f Quantification of cell numbers per section in OFs and SM. n = 3 WT and three Hhip^−/−. g TUNEL assay for apoptotic cells. Inset, example of an apoptotic cell in non-sutural tissue on the same slide. White dashed outlines, frontal and parietal bones. Data in e and f are presented as dot plots showing mean ± standard deviation. Results presented in a, b, c, d, and g are representative of n = 3 WT and three Hhip^−/− independent samples. Sections are in the transverse plane. Scale bar, 50 μm. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.