Fig. 6: Impact of AcAc on cytokine secretion by LA-Mφ. | Nature Communications

Fig. 6: Impact of AcAc on cytokine secretion by LA-Mφ.

From: Acetoacetate protects macrophages from lactic acidosis-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by metabolic reprograming

Fig. 6

Monocytes were differentiated into macrophages in the absence (Mφ) or presence of lactic acid (LA-Mφ), with or without acetoacetate (AcAc). On day 5, cells were stimulated for 16 h with LPS and IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6, oncostatin M (OSM), and VEGF-A were quantified by ELISA in the supernatants (mean ± SD, n = 4–8). A two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test was performed for statistical analysis. Source data are provided in a Source Data file.

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