Fig. 3: Effect of extreme temperatures on expression patterns of the PxCad gene in the wild-type (WT) diamondback moth strain (G88).

a Expression level of PxCad in males. b Expression level of PxCad in females. Temperature treatments included three high-temperatures treatments: (1) H1: 40 °C for 30 min, (2) H2: 43 °C for 30 min, (3) H3: 43 °C for 30 min with 24 h of recovery at 26 °C; and six low-temperature treatments: (1) L1: −14 °C for 30 min, (2) L2: −14 °C for 30 min with 24 h of recovery at 26 °C, (3) L3: −17 °C for 30 min, (4) L4: −17 °C for 30 min with 24 h of recovery at 26 °C, (5) L5: −20 °C for 15 min, and (6) L6: −20 °C for 15 min with 24 h recovery at 26 °C. Expression of PxCad at 26 °C was set as control with a relative expression value being set as 1. The horizontal line in boxes represents the median value of three replicates, boxes show 25th–75th percentiles, and points represent the original data. Expression of PxCad in each treatment was compared with control using independent t-test. *denotes significant difference between control and treatment (t-test, α < 0.05).