Fig. 5: Effect sizes for food consumption and BMI status disaggregated across zip codes with predominantly Black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white populations (i.e., 50% or more).
From: Large-scale diet tracking data reveal disparate associations between food environment and diet
Independent contributions of high income (median family income higher than or equal to $70,241), high educational attainment (fraction of population with college education 29.8% or higher), high grocery store access (fraction of population that is closer than 0.5 miles from nearest grocery store is greater than or equal to than 20.3%), and low fast food access (less than or equal to 5.0% of all businesses are fast-food chains) on relative difference in consumption of a fresh fruits and vegetables, b fast food, c soda, and d relative difference in fraction affected by overweight or obesity (BMI > 25). Cut points correspond to median values. Y-axes are oriented such that consistently higher is better. Estimates are based on matching experiments controlling for all but one treatment variable, across N = 4277, 4102, 3510, 3205 matched pairs of non-Hispanic white-majority zip codes, treated on income, educational attainment, fast food access, grocery store access respectively; N = 42, 74, 259, 259 matched pairs of Black-majority zip codes, treated on income, educational attainment, fast food access, grocery store access respectively; N = 67, 61, 297, 471 matched pairs of Hispanic-majority zip codes, treated on income, educational attainment, fast food access, grocery store access respectively (Methods). Bar height corresponds to mean values; error bars correspond to 95% bootstrap confidence intervals (Methods). We observe significant differences in outcomes between zip codes with predominantly Black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white populations.
