Fig. 2: Long-term adaptation to PA phenocopy obesity-induced stem-cell features. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: Long-term adaptation to PA phenocopy obesity-induced stem-cell features.

From: C/EBPB-dependent adaptation to palmitic acid promotes tumor formation in hormone receptor negative breast cancer

Fig. 2

a Distributions of relative barcode frequency for three tumors in each group. b Apoptotic rate of parental and adapted HCC1806 cells which were treated with 400 µM PA and vehicle (Ctrl) for 48 h. Both early (Annexin V+/PI−) and late (Annexin V+/PI+) apoptotic cells were included for the apoptotic rate % calculation. Data are represented as mean ± SEM of 3 replicates. c Time-dependent proliferation assay of parental and adapted HCC1806 following 48 h. Cells were exposed to 400 µM PA and vehicle (Ctrl). Cell growth was determined by high content imaging and represented as % confluence normalized to t = 0. For each time point, data are represented as mean ± SEM of 6 replicates. d Representative contour plots of mass cytometry data colored by density of cells showing the changes between parental and adapted HCC1806 cells. Color code represents the cell density from low (blue) to high (red). e Representative tSNE plots of single parental and adapted HCC1806 cells colored by expression of CD133, Axl, and CD44. f Tumor incidence following orthotopic implantation of the indicated number of parental and adapted E0771 cells into chow and HFD-fed mice. The frequency of cancer stem-like cells was calculated by the extreme limiting dilution analysis. The default Chisquare test in ELDA was performed to evaluate the differences between parental and adapted cells (NS, P value >0.05). g The distribution of genes induced by obesity (obese and overweight compared to non-obese patients) in PM hormone negative breast cancers patients among the gene expression changes observed in PA-adapted cell lines. We have included the mutual information value (MI) and its associated z-score reported by iPAGE. For visualization, the enrichment/depletion of the query gene-set was determined using the hyper-geometric test and the resulting p-value was used to define an enrichment score that is shown as a heatmap across the expression bins. The obesity-induced genes were significantly enriched in the top-most bin. The red and blue borders in the heatmap denoted statistical significance for enrichment and depletion respectively. Source data are provided as a Source data file.

Back to article page