Fig. 6: Zn2+ and BMP-2 peptide co-modified Ti screws regulate macrophages polarization in vivo. | Nature Communications

Fig. 6: Zn2+ and BMP-2 peptide co-modified Ti screws regulate macrophages polarization in vivo.

From: Engineering immunomodulatory and osteoinductive implant surfaces via mussel adhesion-mediated ion coordination and molecular clicking

Fig. 6

A H&E staining images of the peri-implant tissue (scar bar = 100 μm and 50 μm, three independent experiments) and quantified with (D) fibrous layers and (E) infiltration inflammatory cells; B Coimmunostaining images of the peri-implant tissue: green (M1 marker, CCR7 and M2 marker, CD206), red (CD68, rat macrophage-specific antigen marker), and blue (nuclei) with white arrows indicating the double-positive cells (scar bar = 50 μm and 20 μm, three independent experiments) and (F, G) Quantitative double-positive macrophages; C Images of immunohistochemical staining of IL-10 in the peri-implant tissue (scar bar = 100 μm and 50 μm, three independent experiments) and (H) quantification of IL-10 positive cells as a proportion of total cells. (D–H n = 3 biologically independent samples per group, by a one-way ANOVA with a Tukey’s post hoc test for multiple comparisons). Data are reported as mean ± SD, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 compared with the bare TiO2 surface; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 compared with the DBCO-TiO2 surface; &p < 0.05, &&p < 0.01 compared with BMP-2 surface. Exact P values were given in the Source Data file.

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