Fig. 5: Performance evaluation of EMM-8 in comparison with other adsorbents.

a Comparison of maximum coefficient of performance (COP) values and their corresponding driven temperature for cooling of EMM-8 and reference materials. Refrigeration conditions used were T_ev = 5 °C and T_con = 30 °C. b Plots of the volumetric working capacities under the varying regeneration temperatures for adsorption chiller (ADC) conditions (T_ev = 5 °C and T_con = 30 °C). c Specific energy capacities for EMM-8 and benchmark adsorbents expressed in gravimetric and volumetric scales (T_ev = 10 °C, T_con = 30 °C, and T_des = 65 °C). d Maximum coefficient of performance (COP) values versus the driven temperature for heat pump application. The conditions used for calculation were T_ev = 15 °C and T_con = 45 °C. e Plots of the volumetric working capacities under the varying regeneration temperatures for adsorption heat pump (AHP) conditions (T_ev = 15 °C and T_con = 45 °C). f Dimensionless water uptake curves during adsorption and desorption run under varying conditions. The size of EMM-8 grain is 0.45–0.6 mm. Green and blue areas in a and d respectively refer to the required driven temperatures ranges for EMM-8 and reference materials to achieve the maximum coefficient of performance (COP). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.