Fig. 6: Phase versus magnetic field.

a Phases extracted from Fourier transforms of the data in Fig. 1a. The FFTs are performed along cuts of the conductance parallel to discrete phase jumps. The phase is evaluated at the peak frequency which corresponds to the Aharonov–Bohm oscillation frequency. The Aharonov–Bohm effect gives a constant linear change of phase with B which has been subtracted off to yield the contribution from localized quasiparticles, and plateaus in phase occur which correspond to the regions between phase jumps. The change in phase for the discrete jumps are indicated; the leftmost discrete jump appears to correspond to two closeby jumps, while the second from the left appears to consist of three closeby jumps; in these cases, the individual phase jumps are not readily resolved, but the total phase change can be calculated and divided into average individual phase changes. b Raw data (repeated from Fig. 1a) indicating where the discrete jumps in (a) occur in the data.