Table 3 The catalytic performance of materials which contain the sites from larger l(C–O)) or/and smaller OCO subgroups.

NaNbO₃

Photocatalytic CO₂ reduction with ~70% of CO selectivity^{46, 48}

−0.77 to −0.81

Materials with sites from l(C–O) > 1.30 Å subgroup and OCO < 132° subgroup with Sabatier principle constraint

LaAlO₃

Dry reforming of methane with Ni-nanoparticles; performance is higher than for Ni-La₂O₃ and Ni-Al₂O₃⁴⁵

−1.17

KNbO₃

Photocatalytic reduction of CO₂ into CH₄ as a composite with Pt/g-C₃N₄; significant improvement of activity when compared to Pt/g-C₃N₄; Pt-KNbO₃ is ~2.5 times more photoactive than Pt-NaNbO₃^{46, 47}

−0.56 to −0.68

CaTiO₃

CO₂ hydrogenation under UV-irradiation, although activity is not very high^{51, 57}; twice higher activity with Ni-nanoparticles⁵⁷

up to −2.70

Materials with sites from l(C–O) > 1.30 Å subgroups and from OCO < 132° subgroup without Sabatier principle constraint

CaZrO₃, SrZrO₃, BaZrO₃, SrTiO₃

Reverse water gas-shift reaction (RWGS) under 700–1100 °C⁴⁹

up to −2.75

SrTiO₃

Photocatalytic CO₂ methanation with Pt, Au-nanoparticles, significant decrease of activity during reaction⁵⁰

up to −2.40

YInO₃^a

No activity observed in photocatalytic CO₂ conversion⁵²

−1.16–−1.47

Materials with sites only from OCO < 132° subgroup without Sabatier principle constraint

CaO, SrO, BaO, Na₂O

Strong carbonation, candidate materials for carbon capture and storage (CCS)⁴⁴

−1.60 to −3.57

La₂O₃

Dry reforming of methane with supported Ni-nanoparticles; lower performance than on Ni-LaAlO₃⁴⁵ and on some other supported catalysts⁵⁴ at 700 and 250 °C correspondingly

−2.14 to −3.11

CaO

Twice smaller reaction rate in CO₂ reforming of methane reaction with supported Ni-nanoparticles than on Ni-La₂O₃⁵⁸ at 750 °C

−1.60 to −3.42

Ga₂O₃

Electrochemical reduction of CO₂ to formic acid⁵⁹; (photo)catalytic hydrogenation of CO₂⁶⁰

−0.74 to −1.34

Materials with sites from OCO < 132° subgroup with Sabatier principle constraint

Al₂O₃

Dry reforming of methane with supported Ni-nanoparticles⁶¹; lower performance than on Ni-LaAlO₃⁴⁵

−0.87