Fig. 5: Functional potentials of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere and bulk soils.

The Faprotax annotated function differences related to nitrification, denitrification, methanol oxidation, nitrogen fixation, chitinolysis, ligninolysis, respiration of sulfur compounds, xylanolysis, methylotrophy, cellulolysis, ureolysis, and plant pathogens. Bar charts reflect mean value and standard errors for each category. The error bars on the columns represent the standard errors (SE). All dots represent the percentage change of the effect size between bacterial community function potentials in the rhizosphere and bulk soils with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Mean values <0 indicate a higher function in bulk soil (yellow dots: depletion in the rhizosphere), while mean values >0 indicate a higher function in the rhizosphere (blue dots). The intersection of the error bar with the zero line indicates that there is no significant difference of the function between bacterial communities in the rhizosphere and bulk soils (open dots). Sample size is showed by number of data pairs for each group. Mineral F and Organic A indicate the types of fertilization, which are mineral-only fertilization and organic amendments, respectively. Source data are provided as a Source data file.