Fig. 3: Proteomics data of selected pathways as a function of glucose availability.

Blue symbols are glucose-limited chemostat data; orange symbols are controlled batch experiments with excess trehalose (lowest growth rate) or glucose (highest growth rate) a Comparison of predicted minimal proteome fractions to sustain growth with the experimentally determined proteome fraction for four pathways. The ratio between the two represents an estimate of the saturation level of the constituent enzymes. Lines represent the model; experimental data are symbols. b Decay of steady-state mitochondrial protein fraction with growth rate at onset of ethanol formation suggests a maximal rate of mitochondrial biosynthesis \({v}_{{syn},{max }}\). The shading of the different growth regimes is based on the (latest) constraint, actively limiting growth, referring to Fig. 2e. Individual proteins in panel a were mapped to metabolic pathways using a manually-curated pathway annotation file (Supplementary Data 5). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.