Fig. 5: PZDN → PZDQC photoisomerization and PZDQC → PZDN reverse thermal (or catalytic) isomerization.

a Illustration of the reactions. b Time-dependent 1H NMR spectrum of PZDN → PZDQC photoisomerization in cyclohexane-d12 upon exposure to a metal halide lamp with a bandpass filter between 350 and 450 nm. c 1H NMR spectrum of PZDQC → PZDN thermal isomerization by heating at 95 °C as a function of time (in toluene-d8). Note that (b) and (c) are in different solvents (see text for the explanation), cyclohexane-d12 and toluene-d8, respectively, resulting in slightly different 1H NMR peak positions. The blue and red arrows indicate the characteristic peaks for NBD and QC, respectively.