Fig. 1: Extreme precipitation in China contributed by emissions reductions during COVID-19.
From: Abrupt emissions reductions during COVID-19 contributed to record summer rainfall in China
a Spatial distribution of observed anomalies of June–July (JJ) mean precipitation rate (mm/day) over China in 2020 relative to the historical period of 1979–2019. b Time series of observed JJ mean precipitation rate (mm/day) in eastern China, marked by the red box (27–34°N, 105–121°E) in a. The black dashed line marks the JJ mean precipitation rate during 1979–2019, and the red bar is for 2020. The observations are obtained from the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP). Spatial distribution of changes in JJ precipitation rate (mm/day) for experiments c with COVID-19 forced reductions in aerosol emissions and greenhouse gases (GHGs) concentrations (referred to as Covid_All) and d with aerosol emission reductions alone (referred to as Covid_Aero), compared to the simulation experiment without emissions reductions (referred to as Baseline). The differences between Covid_All and Baseline are referred to “Aerosol+GHG” and the differences between Covid_Aerosol and Baseline are referred to “Aerosol”. The stippled areas in c and d indicate statistically significant differences at the 90% confidence level based on a two-tailed Student’s t-test.
