Fig. 2: Changes in vertical profiles of heating rates and winds due to COVID-19 emissions reductions.
From: Abrupt emissions reductions during COVID-19 contributed to record summer rainfall in China
a Changes in observed June–July mean meridional wind (m s−1, vectors) and pressure velocity (Pa s−1, vectors) multiplied by –100, averaged over 105–125°E in 2020, relative to the historical average over 1979–2019 from ERA5 reanalysis data. Panels b and c are the changes in June–July mean meridional wind (m s−1, vectors), pressure velocity (Pa s−1, vectors) multiplied by −100 and atmospheric heating rate (K day−1, shaded) from Covid_All and Covid_Aero, respectively, compared to Baseline. Only vertical circulation changes that are statistically significant at the 90% confidence level are shown in b and c.
