Fig. 1: CD-XRMS experiments at Co M edge.

a Experimental configuration with the incident beams of the IR pump and the x-ray probe. Inset: MFM phase map displaying labyrinthine domains after out-of-plane demagnetization, scale bar is 2 µm. b Magnetic diffraction pattern, (CL + CR). c Dichroic pattern (CL-CR), displaying the typical signature of clockwise Néel domain walls. The images in panels b, c have been geometrically corrected to account for the projection related to the photon incidence angle θ = 45°, and the scale corresponds to the sum of the counts (500 XFEL pulse of each polarization) for (CL + CR) (b) and (CL-CR) (c).