Fig. 3: Simulated wavy pattern in the pseudo-ensemble of CESM-LE PI runs.
From: Enhanced jet stream waviness induced by suppressed tropical Pacific convection during boreal summer
a spatial correlations (CORR) between non-zonal JJA Z200 trend derived from ERA5 over the past 40 years (1979-2018) and non-zonal Z200 trend over a 40-year period from each member of the pseudo-ensemble of CESM-LE PI simulation runs within the NH (20°N-60°N). The differences of b non-zonal Z200 (unit: m/decade), c SST (unit: K/decade), and d precipitation trends (PREC; unit: mm/day/decade) between the selected 23 positive (POSI) and 16 negative (NEGA) cases. The positive and negative cases (red and blue crosses in a) satisfy the following two conditions: (1) absolute values of the maximum and minimum spatial correlation coefficients are >0.4 and (2) the distances between any two adjacent members in each group (positive or negative) in the time axis are greater than 40 years. The cross-hatched areas in b–d denote the significant differences between 23 positive and 16 negative cases based on the two-sample t-test, p < 0.05.
