Fig. 1: Ablation of GABA_BRs in OPCs attenuates oligodendrocyte differentiation and alters myelination in the medial prefrontal cortex.

a Mouse line and experimental schedule for OPC-specific and temporal control of GABA_BR deletion. b Coronal section of the prefrontal cortex immune-stained for PDGFRα (Pα, green). Expression of tdTomato⁺ (tdT⁺, magenta) indicates recombined cells. b₁, b₂ Magnified micrographs of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC, highlighted in b) of control (ctl) and conditional knockout (cKO) mice. c Recombination efficiency of OPCs in ctl and cKO mPFC. (ctl = 3 mice, cKO = 6 mice, two-sided unpaired t-test). d Western blot analysis of GABA_BR subunit 1 in magnetic-activated cell sorted (MACs) OPCs from cortex. (ctl = 3 mice, cKO = 3 mice, two-sided unpaired t-test). e Olig2 (white), Pα (green) and CC1 (magenta) immunostaining in adult ctl and cKO mPFC. f, g Quantification of OPC and oligodendrocyte (OL) densities in mPFC and corpus callosum (cc). (mPFC: ctl = 7 mice, cKO = 8 mice; cc: ctl = 4 mice, cKO = 4 mice, two-sided unpaired t-tests). h Quantification of the OL proportion among the total lineage (mPFC: ctl = 4 mice, cKO = 4 mice; cc: ctl = 3 mice, cKO = 6 mice, two-sided unpaired t-tests). i Immunostaining of Caspr (magenta) and MBP (green) in ctl and cKO mPFC. j Quantitative analysis of paranode length in mPFC (ctl = 4 mice, cKO = 4 mice, two-sided unpaired t-tests: p = 0.193 (n.s.), 0.038 (*), 0 048 (*), 7.67E-05 (****), 0.34 (n.s.), 0.009 (**), 0.008 (**), 0.044 (*), 0.03 (*), 0.092 (n.s.), respectively). k Western blot analysis of MBP expression in mPFC and cc. (ctl = 4 mice, cKO = 3 mice, two-sided unpaired t-tests). Data are shown as mean ± SEM in c, d, f–h, j and k. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.