Fig. 2: Thermal conductivity and temperature profile as a result of a localized heating source from a laser beam.

a The thermal conductivity map for a blanket coated sample with 60 nm ruthenium on a 40 nm thick phase-change material (Ge2Sb2Te4) on a silicon substrate exposed to a heater laser with 740 mW. b Thermal conductivity profile of phase-change material as a function of distance. c Simulation domain for Al/Quartz and its corresponding temperature rise, (d) 2D temperature profile in the quartz and the region probed by TDTR beam, (e) thermal conductivity of quartz as a function of temperature and laser power. The x-axis and y-axis uncertainty are calculated based on standard deviations in temperature of probed volume and thermal conductivity measurement of three different spots, respectively. f Sensitivity analysis for the 80 nm SRO-transducer/60 nm PZO/15 nm SRO/DSO-substrate configuration for parameters such as thermal conductivity, k, volumetric heat capacity, C, thermal boundary conductance, TBC, and thickness, d.