Fig. 1: Concept of DIgitAl plasMONic nanobubble Detection (DIAMOND).
From: Digital plasmonic nanobubble detection for rapid and ultrasensitive virus diagnostics
a The schematic illustration of the plasmonic nanobubbles (PNBs) generation and detection in flow. The gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as labels are used for the generation of the PNBs by short laser pulses and subsequently detected by a secondary probe laser due to the amplified optical absorption. b, c The principle of digital counting for NP (b) and virus (c) detection. The “on” and “off” in (b) and (c) refer to the positive and negative PNB signals representing for the presence or absence of targets (i.e., NP and virus, respectively). The laser pulses create “virtual” detection zones as compartmentations for independent counting of PNB signals. The three dots shown in (b) and (c) refer to ellipses and indicate the omission of detection events in a repeated operation.
