Fig. 7: Self-healing mechanism.

a Imaginary permittivity (ε'') of TFE-HF-QD1.0 as a function of frequency from 10 °C to 50 °C. b Relaxation time (τ) of TFE-HF-QD1.0 obtained from the fitted VFT equation. c XPS spectra of C 1 s region of freshly fractured interface. Cohesion force of d surface and e freshly fractured interface of TFE-HF-QD1.0. 19F SSNMR spectra of f undamaged, g damaged and h healed sample. i Schematic illustration of the self-healing process of TFE-HF-QD1.0.