Fig. 3: Physiochemical properties of the MOF-based quasi-solid electrolyte.

a Raman spectrum and b Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR) of the prepared MOF-based quasi-solid electrolyte. c Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) curves of the two electrolytes (green curve: typical liquid electrolyte; blue curve: MOF-based quasi-solid electrolyte). The inset schematically illustrates the different electrolyte configurations. d Comparison of the thicknesses and qualities of different electrolytes (quasi-solid electrolyte, commercial PP separator typical liquid electrolyte and commercial Li1.3Al0.3Ge1.7(PO4)3 (LAGP) solid electrolyte). Photographs of ignition tests of e typical liquid electrolyte saturated glass fibers and the prepared MOF-based quasi-solid electrolyte. f Ion conductivities and the corresponding activation energies g of the solid-state electrolyte, quasi-solid electrolyte and typical liquid electrolyte. h Advantages of the prepared quasi-solid electrolyte in constructing highly safe LMBs.