Fig. 7: COX-2 inhibition alongside chemotherapy and immunotherapy combination treatment controls tumor relapse and limits metastatic spread in an adjuvant surgery model. | Nature Communications

Fig. 7: COX-2 inhibition alongside chemotherapy and immunotherapy combination treatment controls tumor relapse and limits metastatic spread in an adjuvant surgery model.

From: Chemotherapy-induced COX-2 upregulation by cancer cells defines their inflammatory properties and limits the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy combinations

Fig. 7

a Mice were inoculated orthotopically with 4T1 tumor cells, tumors surgically removed two weeks post-inoculation and treatment began the day after surgery. b Fraction of tumor-free mice over time (defined as local regrowth at orthotopic site <50 mm3). Control (n = 24), dual combination (n = 11) or triple combination (n = 28). c Growth profiles of relapsing tumors for mice in (b). d Number of macroscopic lung nodules in control (n = 21), dual combination (n = 7) or triple combination (n = 16) treated animals analyzed within 30 days of surgery (pool of four independent experiments). Data in (c, d) are represented as mean ± SEM, ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 as determined by Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test (b), two-way ANOVA (c) and Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparisons test (d). Source data and exact p values are provided as a Source Data file.

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