Fig. 9: Chlorpromazine recovers microglial morphology.

a Representative immunofluorescent images by IBA-1 staining in the hippocampus of WT and KI/+ mice (8-week-old, male, n = 4 mice with similar results). Insets, 2.5-fold enlarged images. Scale bar, 25 μm. b Representative 3D filament tracking images of IBA-1 signals generated by IMARIS software. Scale bar, 10 μm. c Dendrite length, number of branching branch points, and Sholl radius analysis. Data extracted from FilamentTracker in IMARIS analysis (n > 22 cells per group from four mice) (KI/+ vs CPZ-injected KI/+: †††p < 0.0001; LPS-injected KI/+ vs LPS and CPZ-injected KI/+: †††p < 0.0001; one-way ANOVA; radius 10 μm, KI/+ vs LPS-injected KI/+: ††p = 0.0049; radius 6–29 μm, LPS-injected KI/+ vs LPS and CPZ-injected KI/+: †††p < 0.0001; two-way ANOVA). The bounds of the box represent 25th to 75th percentiles ranges. The center lines with the box represent the mean value and whiskers represent the minimum to the maximum range. Data are mean ± SEM. ††p < 0.01, and †††p < 0.001 vs untreated KI/+ control. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.